Proxmox
Move Proxmox VM and LXC Disks to a new Drive
How to Move Proxmox VM and LXC Disks to a new Drive I recently decided to install a new 1TB SSD in my Proxmox server. I had 2 x 256GB SSD in there but it Read more…
Docker
Cloudflare Tunnel on Oracle VM in a Docker Container
Cloudflare Tunnel on Oracle VM in a Docker Container I could not get cloudflared to work on my Oracle VM when running it as a Docker container. I could see the tunnel is connected in Read more…
Security
Portainer Edge Agent via Cloudflare Tunnel
Creating an Edge Agent in Portainer CE is way more complex that it should be. I will explain how to get Portainer Edge Agent to work vir Cloudflare Tunnel. Portainer Server Docker Compose Make sure Read more…
Docker
Running Node-RED with Home Assistant in Docker
How to run Node RED in Docker when Home Assistant is also running in Docker? When you’re running Home Assistant the “normal” way, i.e. not in a container, you can install Node Red using Add Read more…
AI
Replace Google NotebookLM voices
How to replace Google NotebookLM voices There are quite a few videos and articles out there about how you can replace the Google NotebookLM voices using, for example, ElevenLabs. While ElevenLabs will undoubtedly sound great, Read more…
Proxmox
Proxmox Offsite Backups using RClone
Proxmox Offsite Backups I was looking for a cheap but durable solution where I can store Proxmox offsite backusps so that I can follow the 321 principles of backups, which means: (The 2 differnet media Read more…
General Coding
Generate a user delegated SAS Token in Azure
User Delegated SAS Token It is advisable to generate a User Delegated SAS token instead of using the Storage Account token. In order to use user delegated SAS tokens, there are quite a few extra Read more…
Home Assistant
Call GraphQL from HomeAssistant with payload
Call GraphQL from HomeAssistant I wanted to call Cloudflare’s GraphQL endpoint from HomeAssistant in order to get some stats about caching, blocked requests, etc. You just call it as a normal REST sensor. As part Read more…
Security
Bettercap ARP Spoof and DNS Spoof
Bettercap ARP Spoof and DNS Spoof Disclaimer: Only perform pentests on your own network or networks you are authorized to test. Bettercap is great tool pentesting tool to perform ARP spoof and DNS spoof attacks, Read more…
AI
How to use Azure OpenAI with Open WebUI
Using Azure OpenAI with Open WebUI This post will cover how to use Azure OpenAI with Open WebUI and LiteLLM (without Ollama) in order to connect to an OpenAI model hosted in Azure AI Studio Read more…
Networking
Mikrotik WireGuard
Mikrotik Wireguard I have a requirement to have a separate Wireless network that will by default route all traffic over Wireguard. I will be using Surfshark VPN. Step 1: Get a key pair from Surfshark Read more…
AI
Set up MLFlow
Set up MLFlow Download Anaconda how you normally would from https://www.anaconda.com/download Once downloaded, run this command to make the .sh file executable, and then execute it as your normal user, not as root. It will Read more…
Security
ScubaGear – Microsoft Cloud baseline security (CISA)
ScubaGear – Secure Cloud Business Applications (SCuBA) Secure Configuration Baseline ScubeGear was released by CISA and assesses your Microsoft Cloud against “Secure Cloud Business Applications” (SCuBA) baseline policies. More can be found on CISA’s Github: Read more…
Security
Wireless Penetration Testing
Wireless Penetration Testing Disclaimer: It is a good idea to test your own personal wireless network or your company wireless network. Do this at your own risk and make sure you have permission to do Read more…
Security
Metsaploit – Getting Started
Metsaploit – Getting Started Dislaimer: The below article is meant to get you started with the basics, i.e. set up metasploit and run your first scan. You do this at your own risk, and make Read more…
Docker
Semaphore UI – Ansible GUI
Semaphore UI – not just a GUI for Ansible Semaphore is actually more than just an Ansible GUI. It can also add Terraform, OpenTofu, and batch scripts. I will be moving my Ansible tasks over Read more…
Home Assistant
HomeAssistant DNS PTR Flood and how to prevent it (DHCP module)
HomeAssistant DNS PTR flood It might happen that HomeAssistant floods your network with DNS lookups, more specifically, PTR records. A PTR record is used to find the hostname associated with an IP address. This is Read more…
Security
OpenVAS in Kali Linux
OpenVAS in Kali Linux OpenVAS is a free vulnerability scanner that you can easily set up in Kali Linux. Things can be a bit confusing, hence this tutorial to simplifying it. Disclaimer: Only scan networks Read more…
Home Assistant
HomeAssistant Card List
HomeAssistant card list from JSON response I had a need to display a list of items in HomeAssistant. I have a REST sensor that calls an endpoint that returns a JSON list. I wanted to Read more…
General Coding
Local ChatGPT using LMStudio, Lanchain, and RAG data
Local ChatGPT using LMStudio, Lanchain, and RAG data This post follows from my previous post about RAGs (steps 1, 2, and 3) which can be found here: https://techstuff.leighonline.net/2024/04/30/creating-a-vector-database-for-rag-using-chroma-db-langchain-gpt4all-and-python/ In this post we will spin up Read more…
General Coding
Create a vector database for RAG using Chroma DB, Langchain, GPT4all, and Python
Creating a vector database for RAG In its simplest form, a RAG consists of these steps. We will focus on step 1, 2, and 3 in this post: In our follow up post we will Read more…
General Coding
Automation with Ansible – Setup and examples
Automation with Ansible You can run Ansible in a VM, a laptop with Linux installed, an LXC container, etc. In this tutorial we will cover the following: Authentication For every host I want Ansible to Read more…
Docker
Lancache and Pihole – The easy way
Lancache and Pihole There doesn’t seem to be a single, simple, straight forward tutorial online that shows how to get Lancache and Pihole to work together. These are the URLs that I referenced to get Read more…
Proxmox
Proxmox – No Subscription Updates
Proxmox No Subscription Updates If you’re using Proxmox for your homelab, you probably don’t want an Enterprise plan, so you have to update your Proxmox nodes to use the No subscription updates. Take note the Read more…
Proxmox
Proxmox – LXC templates and containers – Getting Started
Proxmox LXC Templates and Containers In order to create a Proxmox LXC Container, we first need to download the templates. If you want to check out a full list of images go to https://linuxcontainers.org/ Take Read more…
Proxmox
Promox – Convert a template back to a Virtual Machine
Promox – Convert a template back to a Virtual Machine If you converted a Virtual Machine to a template in Proxmox, but then you realize you should not have done it, you can convert it Read more…
ESP32
Flash Tasmota on an ESP12f using an FTDI
Flash Tasmota on an ESP12f First we need to get our ESP12f into flashing mode. You will need a 10k resistor. You will also need an FTDI adapter. I used this tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wyolY1OwSxc You also Read more…
General Coding
CH431a – Flash and Unbrick your WinBond BIOS
Unbrick your WinBond BIOS My Lenovo Legion Y540 BIOS corrupted due to the “Use iGPU” setting in the Lenovo Vantage software. Here are the steps I followed to reflash my BIOS. Disclaimer You are on Read more…
General Coding
Cloudflare Worker – Redirect client side with company logo
I had a scenario where I had to use a cloudflare worker to redirect one page to another, but, I also had to do the following: Cloudflare Worker Code Apart from the above, the following Read more…
Networking
Mikrotik Wireless Channel – AC Wave 2- Extension channels
Mikrotik Wireless Channel In order to change the wireless channel (and thereforethe frequency) on Mikrotik, you must use the “center” channel: https://www.electronics-notes.com/articles/connectivity/wifi-ieee-802-11/channels-frequencies-bands-bandwidth.php This is especially true for Mikrotik routers using AC Wave 2 as it Read more…
Networking
Mikrotik – Route WiFi over specific Interface
Here is what my setup looks like with a bridge I dont want to use a bridge anymore But now I want a more advanced setup, so in other words I don’t want a bridge. Read more…
General Coding
Python Virtual Environment from Crontab
When you have a python virtual environment you would activate the virtual environment’s python as such: But when you try to run this command in cron it will not work because by default crontab uses Read more…
General Coding
Update Cloudflare Zero Trust Gateway IP using APIs
Scenario Solution Cloudflare has an extensive list of APIs available to do just about anything. We are interested in this API: https://developers.cloudflare.com/api/operations/zero-trust-gateway-locations-update-zero-trust-gateway-location Step 1: Create an API Key and grab your Account ID You can Read more…
Docker
Run pi-hole in a Docker Container
I will be running pi-hole on Ubuntun 22.04. The problem is, port 53 is already in use by my host, so lets sort this out first. Check if port 53 is in use You can Read more…
Home Assistant
Solar Assistant MQTT bridge to Home Assistant
I am running an Axpert inverter with Solar Assistant on a Raspberry Pi. Solar Assistant collects data and makes an MQTT broker available. My Home Assistant (core, running in docker) has an MQTT broker defined Read more…
ESP32
ESP32Cam running ESPHome
This is a continuation from this article: https://techstuff.leighonline.net/2023/03/19/esphome-on-home-assistant-running-in-docker/ Bascially, I have an ESP32Cam that I want to add to Home Assistant. My Home Assistant runs in Docker (So no supervisor. It is also called Home Read more…
General Coding
Use Free Cloudflare Workers to respond to ads.txt
I recently added Google ads (Adsense) to this blog to help generate some passive income. I am hosting by blog on WordPress in a container and had to ad the “ads.txt” file and its contents Read more…
Docker
Firefox browser isolation (sandbox) in Docker
All thanks to this developer: https://github.com/jlesage/docker-firefox Why use browser isolation? Running an isolated (also called sanbox) browser in a container is a good idea to compartmentalize your browsing or to investigate a potentially suspicious URL. Read more…
Docker
Uptime Kuma Notifications to Home Assistant behind Cloudflare Zero Trust
In this post we will look at how we can send notifications from Uptime Kuma to our Home Assistant. Home Assistant is behind Cloudflare Zero Trust. I am using Uptime Kuma to monitor a bunch Read more…
Python
Speaker diarization with pyannote, pydub, whisper
In this post we will diarize using pyannote, segment using pydub, and transcribe using whisper. Installing pyannote on Windows While on https://huggingface.co/pyannote scroll down and click on the diariazation model for example code. In the Read more…
Docker
NGINX Proxy Manager in docker with SSL and a secure admin interface
Caveats First NGINX Proxy Manager (NPM) is running in its own docker-compose file (or “stack”) in portainer. I could not get it to use the hosts’s local IP to connect to containers running in different Read more…
Docker
NodeJS, Docker, Github Actions for Auto Build and push to Github Container Registry
This is a quick writeup on how to dockerize a nodejs application, using Github Actions to automatically build when you push to the main branch, and publish your image to Github Container Registry (ghcr) Create Read more…
General Coding
How to add Github to VSCode
Here is the full article: https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/sourcecontrol/github The main takeaways are:
Docker
ESPHome on Home Assistant running in Docker
This is an extention to my “Home Assistant on Docker” post which can be found here: https://techstuff.leighonline.net/2023/03/10/home-assistant-in-docker-home-assistant-core/ Adding ESPHome to Home Assistant that is running in docker is quite straight forward. Just add the following to Read more…
Docker
OpenSSL on Windows and adding SSL Cert to Zigbee2MQTT
This is an extension to my “Home Assistant on Docker” post which can be found here: https://techstuff.leighonline.net/2023/03/10/home-assistant-in-docker-home-assistant-core/ The issue Because I access Home Assistant over SSL, the IFrames must also be loaded over SSL. Keep Read more…
ESP32
Getting Started with the ESP32, Ardiuno IDE, and flash your first basic projects
In this tutorial we will look at setting up the Arduino IDE and writing a basic program to flash an LED using the delay function and not using the delay function. Delay is not the Read more…
Docker
How to backup WordPress running in a Docker container
Backup the database We will connect to the MySQL container for this. Create a file that will store our backup command: touch export_sql_db.shPut this in the file: (It is recommended to create a user specifically Read more…
Docker
Add another docker environment to Portainer
This assumes you already have a Portainer server set up and running. If not, you can set one up as such: You can log into this portainer instance using https://<ip of server>:9443 Now lets say Read more…
Home Assistant
Home Assistant Core and Zigbee2MQTT in Docker
When running Home Assistant in docker, you do not get the supervisor capability which means you must install everything yourself. It is not a big deal because you just install it with docker and add Read more…
Home Assistant
Flash Sonoff on the Zigbee Dongle Plus
The easiest and most reliable is to just use Python (you can use Windows or Linux, does not matter). I used Windows. Now that you have all the prerequisites done, plug in your dongle. No Read more…
Home Assistant
Solarman API
Solarman API When you have access to the Solarman API you can create your own custom projects or integrate things into HomeAssistant. How to get access to the SolarMan API? First register on: https://pro.solarmanpv.com/login Contact Read more…
Home Assistant
Sonoff PowR2 in Home Assistant – Alexxit
Intro Alexxit Home Assistant add-on makes it possible to get Sonoff stats without flashing Tasmota. This is done by using a second Ewelink account. We will use the Sonoff PowR2 in this tutorial but it Read more…
Home Assistant
Flash CC2531 Zibgee using Raspberry Pi
I am taking bits and pieces from everywhere and making one article with all the information in one place. Please support the sites and projects I am referencing. The CC2531 is getting old now, but Read more…
Uncategorized
IPTables and order of rules
Added an iptables rule but getting “connection reset by peer” or you still cannot connect, then read on. Run this command: sudo iptables -L –line-numbers Always backup your existing rules first: sudo iptables-save > savedrules.txt Read more…
Uncategorized
Symlink your Google Chrome cache to /tmp
Refer two posts down on how to move your /tmp folder to memory (tempfs). Now symlink your Google Chrome (or Firefox) cache to /tmp (which resides in memory). rm -rf ~/.cache/google-chrome ln -s /tmp ~/.cache/google-chrome
Uncategorized
Ubuntu performance and security of /tmp
Remember to set the sticky bit as well as nodev, noexec and nosuid for /tmp. Here is a line in fstab and the meaning of these 3 taken from the mount man page: nodev Do Read more…
Uncategorized
Automate RKHunter, ClamAV and email reports
For a while now I wanted to post this. I am running this on my PC at home because I don’t feel like doing it manually every day/week/month etc, and also because I don’t use Read more…
Uncategorized
SSD performance tip 1
Here is an excellent resource. A bit long but really great! https://sites.google.com/site/easylinuxtipsproject/bugs#TOC-Hibernate-and-suspend-don-t-always-work-well:-they-make-some-computers-malfunction-or-even-enter-a-coma I recently bought myself an SSD hard drive for my old notebook. Well worth it! You need to make a few tweaks though Read more…
Uncategorized
Ubuntu performance and Swappiness
Wait what? Is swappiness even an actual word? According to Google Chrome’s built in spell checker and most probably any dictionary it is not, but to any Linux user and expert out there, it most Read more…
Uncategorized
Plex not seeing NTFS external hard drive
type sudo blkid. You will get output like this: /dev/sda1: UUID=”9081b56d-8715-49f3-a35d-529a39d5780e” TYPE=”ext4″ PARTUUID=”c8168d71-01″ /dev/sda5: UUID=”fbd90bd5-6b1a-4088-8569-0afbf0faebab” TYPE=”swap” PARTUUID=”c8168d71-05″ /dev/sdb1: UUID=”79a6887b-0168-464e-9507-84cc1233fcb6″ TYPE=”ext4″ PARTUUID=”c3072dd0-01″ /dev/sdc1: UUID=”4E65750852A3B04A” TYPE=”ntfs” PARTUUID=”000dfe15-01″ Way at the end is the NTFS drive. Now create Read more…